Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common afflictions that cause patients to go to the doctor. UTI can affect men, women and children. However, women predominately get UTIs.
The kidneys filter blood and extract waste products and water, which constitute urine. The urine then travels down tubes called the ureters to the bladder. The bladder is a muscle which contracts and expels urine out the urine tube, called the urethra.
Normally the bladder squeezes out almost all of the urine, leaving only a small residual of urine behind. However, at times a puddle of urine is left behind, for example, in men with an enlarged prostate or women with a dropped bladder. This may allow bacteria (organisms which can cause UTIs) to grow and cause infections.
A through history and physical exam are important in dealing with UTIs. A urinalysis and microscopic examination, along with a urine culture will help determine the types of treatments needed. Usually oral antibiotics and bladder an anti-spasmodic will relieve the symptoms in a few days.